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The Supreme Headquarters was created in June 1941 by the
The Supreme Headquarters was created in June 1941 by the Central Committee
Central committee is the common designation of a standing administrative body of Communist party, communist parties, analogous to a board of directors, of both ruling and nonruling parties of former and existing socialist states. In such party org ...
of the Yugoslav Communist Party
The League of Communists of Yugoslavia, mk, Сојуз на комунистите на Југославија, Sojuz na komunistite na Jugoslavija known until 1952 as the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, sl, Komunistična partija Jugoslavije mk ...
after the German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
** Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ge ...
-led Axis
An axis (plural ''axes'') is an imaginary line around which an object rotates or is symmetrical. Axis may also refer to:
Mathematics
* Axis of rotation: see rotation around a fixed axis
* Axis (mathematics), a designator for a Cartesian-coordinat ...
invasion of Yugoslavia
The invasion of Yugoslavia, also known as the April War or Operation 25, or ''Projekt 25'' was a German-led attack on the Kingdom of Yugoslavia by the Axis powers which began on 6 April 1941 during World War II. The order for the invasion was p ...
of 6 April 1941. It was the main command
Command may refer to:
Computing
* Command (computing), a statement in a computer language
* COMMAND.COM, the default operating system shell and command-line interpreter for DOS
* Command key, a modifier key on Apple Macintosh computer keyboards
* ...
and staff body of the Yugoslav Partisans
The Yugoslav Partisans,Serbo-Croatian, Macedonian, Slovene: , or the National Liberation Army, sh-Latn-Cyrl, Narodnooslobodilačka vojska (NOV), Народноослободилачка војска (НОВ); mk, Народноослобод ...
, with Josip Broz Tito
Josip Broz ( sh-Cyrl, Јосип Броз, ; 7 May 1892 – 4 May 1980), commonly known as Tito (; sh-Cyrl, Тито, links=no, ), was a Yugoslav communist revolutionary and statesman, serving in various positions from 1943 until his deat ...
at its head.
Initially titled Partisan Chief Headquarters when it was created on 27 June 1941, it was renamed at the Stolice conference of 26–27 September 1941. Its full name became the Supreme Headquarters of the People's Liberation Partisan Detachments. From January 1942, the headquarters became the Supreme Headquarters of the People's Liberation Partisan and Volunteer Army of Yugoslavia to allow for the incorporation of "Volunteer Detachments" consisting of insurgents that were not willing to formally become Partisans, most of whom were Serb nationalist
Serbian nationalism asserts that Serbs are a nation and promotes the cultural and political unity of Serbs. It is an ethnic nationalism, originally arising in the context of the general rise of nationalism in the Balkans under Ottoman rule, ...
Chetniks
The Chetniks ( sh-Cyrl-Latn, Четници, Četnici, ; sl, Četniki), formally the Chetnik Detachments of the Yugoslav Army, and also the Yugoslav Army in the Homeland and the Ravna Gora Movement, was a Yugoslav royalist and Serbian nationa ...
. By November 1942, this experiment had clearly failed, and it was again renamed the Supreme Headquarters of the People's Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia. Finally, on 1 March 1945, it became the General Staff of the Yugoslav Army (renamed Yugoslav People's Army
The Yugoslav People's Army (abbreviated as JNA/; Macedonian and sr-Cyrl-Latn, Југословенска народна армија, Jugoslovenska narodna armija; Croatian and bs, Jugoslavenska narodna armija; sl, Jugoslovanska ljudska a ...
in 1951).
The composition of the Supreme Headquarters during the war was successively supplemented, as few members died. Members of Supreme Headquarters throughout the war were: Josip Broz Tito (supreme commander), Arso Jovanović
Arsenije "Arso" Jovanović ( sr-cyr, Арсо Јовановић; 24 March 1907 – 12 August 1948) was a Yugoslav partisan general and one of the country's foremost military commanders during World War II in Yugoslavia.
Educated through the ...
(chief of Supreme Headquarters), Velimir Terzić
Velimir Terzić ( sr, Велимир Терзић; 26 May 1908 – 13 December 1983) was a Yugoslav People's Army captain, partisan general, and historian.
Military career
Terzić was born on 26 May 1908 in Golubovci, near Podgorica, Montenegro ...
(deputy chief of Supreme Headquarters), Sreten Žujović
Sreten Žujović ( sr-cyr, Сретен Жујовић; 24 June 1899 – 11 June 1976) was a Serbian and Yugoslav politician and veteran of World War I and long-time communist.
Biography
He was born into a wealthy family, and was a Serb by nation ...
, Edvard Kardelj
Edvard Kardelj (; 27 January 1910 – 10 February 1979), also known by the pseudonyms Bevc, Sperans and Krištof, was a Yugoslav politician and economist. He was one of the leading members of the Communist Party of Slovenia before World War II ...
, Aleksandar Ranković
Aleksandar Ranković ( nom de guerre Marko; sr-Cyrl, Александар Ранковић Лека; 28 November 1909 – 19 August 1983) was a Yugoslav communist politician, considered to be the third most powerful man in Yugoslavia after Jo ...
, Ivo Lola Ribar
Ivan Ribar (23 April 1916 – 27 November 1943), known as Ivo Lola or Ivo Lolo, was a Yugoslav communist politician and military leader of Croatian descent. In the 1930s, he became one of the closest associates of Josip Broz Tito, leader of the ...
(died in November 1943), Svetozar Vukmanović
Svetozar Vukmanović - Tempo ( sh-Cyrl, Светозар Вукмановић - Темпо; 3 August 1912 – 6 December 2000) was a leading Montenegrin communist and member of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia. D ...
, Milovan Đilas
Milovan Djilas (; , ; 12 June 1911 – 30 April 1995) was a Yugoslav communist politician, theorist and author. He was a key figure in the Partisan movement during World War II, as well as in the post-war government. A self-identified democrat ...
, Ivan Milutinović (died in October 1944), Peko Dapčević
Petar "Peko" Dapčević (Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Петар Пеко Дапчевић; 25 June 1913 – 13 February 1999) was a Yugoslav communist who fought as a volunteer in the Spanish Civil War, joined the Partisan uprising in Montenegr ...
, Savo Orović
Savo may refer to:
Languages
* Savo dialect, forms of the Finnish language spoken in Savonia
* Savo language, an endangered language spoken on Savo
People
* Savo (given name), a masculine given name from southern Europe (includes a list of people ...
, Sava Kovačević
Sava Kovačević ( sr-cyrl, Сава Ковачевић; 25 January 1905 – 13 June 1943) was a Yugoslav Partisan divisional commander during World War II, and one of the heroes of the communist Partisan movement.
Early life
Kovačević was ...
(died in June 1943), Vladimir Popović, Radivoje Jovanović
Radivoje (Cyrillic script: Радивоје) is a masculine given name of Slavic origin. Notable people with the name include:
*Radivoje Brajović
Radivoje Brajović ( cyrl, Радивоје Брајовић; born 11 January 1935 in Peć, Kingdom ...
, Vlada Zečević
Vladimir "Vlada" Zečević ( Serbian- Cyrillic: Владимир Влада Зечевић; 21 March 1903 ( OS), in Loznica – 26 October 1970, in Belgrade) was a Serbian Orthodox priest and later a member of the League of Communists of Yugos ...
, Petar Drapšin
Petar Drapšin ( sr-Cyrl, Петар Драпшин; 15 November 1914 – 2 November 1945) was a Yugoslav Partisan commander.
Early life and education
Drapšin was born to a family of poor peasant farmers in the village of Turija near Srbobr ...
, Rade Hamović
, native_name_lang =
, birth_name =
, other_name =
, nickname =
, birth_date = 13 February 1916
, birth_place = Stolac, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Austria-Hungary
, death_date =
, death_place = Ljubljana ...
, Vojislav Đokić, Franc Leskošek
Frank Leskošek ( nom de guerre Luka; 9 December 1897 Celje – 5 July 1983 Ljubljana) was a Yugoslav politician and partisan commander.
Biography
Born in Celje, Slovenia, Leskošek worked as a locksmith in his youth. He was drafted in to the ...
, Uglješa Danilović, Mihailo Apostolski
Mihailo Apostolski ( mk, Михаило Апостолски; born Mihail Mitev Apostolov, bg, Михаил Митев Апостолов; sr, Михаило Митић or Mihailo Mitić; November 8, 1906 – August 7, 1987) was a Yugoslav gen ...
, Nikola Grulović, Pavle Ilić, Moša Pijade
Moša Pijade ( sr-Cyrl, Мoшa Пијаде; he, משה פיאדה; alternate English transliteration Moshe Piade; 4 January 1890 – 15 March 1957), nicknamed Čiča Janko (, lit. "Old Man Janko") was a Serbian and Yugoslav communist of J ...
, Rade Končar (died in May 1942), Gojko Nikoliš
Gojko Nikoliš ( sr-cyr, Гојко Николиш; 11 August 1911 – 11 July 1995) was a physician, historian and a participant in the Spanish Civil War and World War II in Yugoslavia.
He was the first Head of the Partisan Medical Corps, Lieut ...
, Izidor Papo
Izidor Papo (31 December 1913 – 14 October 1996) was a surgeon, general, military medical chief and academician.
Papo was a Sephardi Jews, Sephardi Jew born in Ljubuški, Austria-Hungary (present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina). He finished ...
, Ivan Rukavina
Ivan Rukavina (January 26, 1912 – April 3, 1992) was army general of the Yugoslav People's Army, People's Hero of Yugoslavia and politician.
Rukavina was a member of the International Brigades and prominent Croats, Croatian and SFR Yugoslavia, ...
, Pavle Savić
Pavle Savić ( sr-cyr, Павле Савић; 10 January 1909 – 30 May 1994) was a Serbian physicist and chemist. In his early years, he worked in Serbia as well as France, and became one of the pioneers in the research of nuclear fission. He wa ...
, Vladimir Smirnov and Ivan Maček
Ivan Maček, nom de guerre Matija (28 May 1908 – 10 July 1993), was a Yugoslav Communist politician from Slovenia who served as the President of the People's Assembly of SR Slovenia from 1963 to 1967.
Biography
Maček was born in Spodnj ...
.
See also
* Main Staff of the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of SerbiaFootnotes
References
* * {{cite book, last = Orović, first = Savo, title = Ratni dnevnik 1941–1945 , trans-title= War Diary 1941-1945, year = 1972, publisher = Hronometar, location = Belgrade 1941 establishments in Yugoslavia 1945 disestablishments in Yugoslavia Yugoslavia in World War II Yugoslav Partisans